animation-fill-mode
The animation-fill-mode
CSS property sets how a CSS animation applies styles to its target before and after its execution.
{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/css/animation-fill-mode.html")}}
It is often convenient to use the shorthand property {{cssxref("animation")}} to set all animation properties at once.
Syntax
/* Single animation */
animation-fill-mode: none;
animation-fill-mode: forwards;
animation-fill-mode: backwards;
animation-fill-mode: both;
/* Multiple animations */
animation-fill-mode: none, backwards;
animation-fill-mode: both, forwards, none;
/* Global values */
animation-fill-mode: inherit;
animation-fill-mode: initial;
animation-fill-mode: revert;
animation-fill-mode: revert-layer;
animation-fill-mode: unset;
Values
-
none
- : The animation will not apply any styles to the target when it's not executing. The element will instead be displayed using any other CSS rules applied to it. This is the default value.
-
forwards
-
: The target will retain the computed values set by the last keyframe encountered during execution. The last keyframe depends on the value of {{cssxref("animation-direction")}} and {{cssxref("animation-iteration-count")}}:
animation-direction
animation-iteration-count
last keyframe encountered normal
even or odd 100%
orto
reverse
even or odd 0%
orfrom
alternate
even 0%
orfrom
alternate
odd 100%
orto
alternate-reverse
even 100%
orto
alternate-reverse
odd 0%
orfrom
Animated properties behave as if included in a set
will-change
property value. If a new stacking context was created during the animation, the target element retains the stacking context after the animation has finished.
-
-
backwards
-
: The animation will apply the values defined in the first relevant keyframe as soon as it is applied to the target, and retain this during the {{cssxref("animation-delay")}} period. The first relevant keyframe depends on the value of {{cssxref("animation-direction")}}:
animation-direction
first relevant keyframe normal
oralternate
0%
orfrom
reverse
oralternate-reverse
100%
orto
-
-
both
- : The animation will follow the rules for both forwards and backwards, thus extending the animation properties in both directions.
[!NOTE] When you specify multiple comma-separated values on an
animation-*
property, they are applied to the animations in the order in which the {{cssxref("animation-name")}}s appear. For situations where the number of animations andanimation-*
property values do not match, see Setting multiple animation property values.
Note:
animation-fill-mode
has the same effect when creating CSS scroll-driven animations as it does for regular time-based animations.
Formal definition
Formal syntax
Examples
Setting fill mode
You can see the effect of animation-fill-mode
in the following example. It demonstrates how you can make the animation remain in its final state rather than reverting to the original state (which is the default).
HTML
<p>Move your mouse over the gray box!</p>
<div class="demo">
<div class="growsandstays">This grows and stays big.</div>
<div class="grows">This just grows.</div>
</div>
CSS
.demo {
border-top: 100px solid #ccc;
height: 300px;
}
@keyframes grow {
0% {
font-size: 0;
}
100% {
font-size: 40px;
}
}
.demo:hover .grows {
animation-name: grow;
animation-duration: 3s;
}
.demo:hover .growsandstays {
animation-name: grow;
animation-duration: 3s;
animation-fill-mode: forwards;
}
Result
{{EmbedLiveSample('Setting fill mode',700,300)}}
See CSS animations for more examples.
Specifications
Browser compatibility
See also
- Using CSS animations
- JavaScript {{domxref("AnimationEvent")}} API
- Other related animation properties: {{cssxref("animation")}}, {{cssxref("animation-composition")}}, {{cssxref("animation-delay")}}, {{cssxref("animation-direction")}}, {{cssxref("animation-duration")}}, {{cssxref("animation-iteration-count")}}, {{cssxref("animation-name")}}, {{cssxref("animation-play-state")}}, {{cssxref("animation-timeline")}}, {{cssxref("animation-timing-function")}}